PRIMARY CHRONICLE

PRIMARY CHRONICLE. Although various chronicles-annals or year-by-year records of events-were known from different areas of ancient Rus’, the one usually referred to is called the Primary Chronicle or the Tale of Bygone Years. A monk of the Kiev Monastery of the Caves, known now as Nestor the Chronicler (1056-ca. 1114), was one of the final redactors of this history, beginning with the evolution of the Kievan state in the 9th c. The editing was done in the 11th c. A translation is available in English, entitled The Russian Primary Chronicle, by S. H. Cross and O. B. Sherbowitz-Wetzor.